Frontier Models Still Lag Behind Humans at Robust Belief-State Tracking

Large-scale cooperation has been a central feature of humanity’s ability to advance technology and build complex societies. Much of this cooperation is reliant on the ability to act in ways informed by the beliefs and intentions of others. This capacity, also known as Theory of Mind (ToM), includes belief-state tracking, which describes the ability to keep track of who knows what as information is exchanged in groups.Belief-state tracking becomes increasingly important as AI systems get integrat...