Persistent State Machines: LLM Attention with INT4 In-Memory Cells

Persistent State Machines: Complete Mathematical Proofs and Vivado Implementation Synthesis (Version 8.0) ABSTRACT We present a formal discrete framework for attention operators in Large Language Models via Persistent State Machines (PSMs). Computation is broadcast to stationary in-memory cells that evaluate local deterministic state transitions. Complete mathematical proofs are given for quantization error bounds, a concrete multi-phase discrete Softmax construction under an explicit bounded-lo